How do you find the radius, melting, and boiling point of an element?
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kmilgrim
Jan 18, 2018
Boiling Points
The Van der Waals attractions between molecules determine the temperatures at which a substance becomes a solid, liquid or gas; the stronger the attraction, the higher the melting and boiling points. The halogens with the smallest atomic radii, fluorine and chlorine, are gases at room temperature with boiling points of minus 188 and minus 35 degrees Celsius (minus 306 and minus 31 degrees Fahrenheit), respectively. Iodine and astatine, the halogens with the largest radii, boil at 184 and 337 degrees Celsius (363 and 639 degrees Fahrenheit). The boiling points of halogens increase as their atomic radii increase.
Atomic Radius (Radii)
An atom’s radius is the distance from the center of its nucleus to its outermost electrons; most atoms have a radius of about a tenth of a nanometer. As you progress from the left to the right in a row in the periodic table, atomic radius generally decreases. However, as you go from the top to the bottom in a given column, the radius increases. Complex interactions between electrons and protons with increasing atomic numbers create the two seemingly contradictory trends.
Melting point and boiling point both depend on the internal structure and bonding between the atoms. Most of the time when distance between the atoms is less there melting point is high. Like most of the time metals have ionic bond and also the structure like diamond is non metal but has the highest boiling point both are the factor that influence melting point and boiling point.
Melting point depends on inter-atomic bonding only which in turn is dependent on many factors like symmetrical structure, unpaired electrons and much more.
Boiling Points
The Van der Waals attractions between molecules determine the temperatures at which a substance becomes a solid, liquid or gas; the stronger the attraction, the higher the melting and boiling points. The halogens with the smallest atomic radii, fluorine and chlorine, are gases at room temperature with boiling points of minus 188 and minus 35 degrees Celsius (minus 306 and minus 31 degrees Fahrenheit), respectively. Iodine and astatine, the halogens with the largest radii, boil at 184 and 337 degrees Celsius (363 and 639 degrees Fahrenheit). The boiling points of halogens increase as their atomic radii increase.
Atomic Radius (Radii)
An atom’s radius is the distance from the center of its nucleus to its outermost electrons; most atoms have a radius of about a tenth of a nanometer. As you progress from the left to the right in a row in the periodic table, atomic radius generally decreases. However, as you go from the top to the bottom in a given column, the radius increases. Complex interactions between electrons and protons with increasing atomic numbers create the two seemingly contradictory trends.
Melting point and boiling point both depend on the internal structure and bonding between the atoms. Most of the time when distance between the atoms is less there melting point is high. Like most of the time metals have ionic bond and also the structure like diamond is non metal but has the highest boiling point both are the factor that influence melting point and boiling point.
Melting point depends on inter-atomic bonding only which in turn is dependent on many factors like symmetrical structure, unpaired electrons and much more.